HOME | DD

FritzVicari — Mariya Oktyabrskaya's War, USSR, Autumn 1943 by-nc-sa

#battle #heroine #redarmy #soviet #sovietunion #t34 #tank #ussr #war #wehrmacht #carroarmato #easternfront #heroofthesovietunion #secondaguerramondiale #fronteorientale #maryiaoktyabrskaya #worldwar2 #worldwarii
Published: 2014-10-29 12:58:29 +0000 UTC; Views: 5365; Favourites: 33; Downloads: 6
Redirect to original
Description ENGLISH (based on H. Sakaida, Heroines of the Soviet Union 1941-45 and whatever I could find on Mariya Oktyabrskaya online):

The story you are going to read is a story of tragedy, vengeance and determination so incredible you'll think it was taken straight out of a Tarantino's movie or a Garth Ennis' war comic. Indeed, the protagonist of this story is a woman so strong, wrathful and desperate it will remind you some of those Tarantino's female characters. But what makes this story so incredible is that it's actually true.

Mariya, born from a paesant family in Crimea, worked in a cannery and as a telephone operator until she married a soviet cavalry officer, Ilya Ryadnenko, in 1925 and changed her surname to honor the revolution. When the Germans invaded the Soviet Union and the Great Patriotic War (as is it still called in Russia) began, she was evacuated in the Tomsk region, in western Siberia, where she worked, again, as a telephone operator. It took two years, until 1943, before she knew her husband had fallen in the battles around Kiev, in August 1941.

Hungry for vengeance, she volounteered to frontline service, a woman between 800.000 that served in the Red Army during World War II. She was refused twice, both for her relatively old age (38 in 1943) and the cervical tubercolosis she was affected with. Out of desperation, with the help of her sister, she sold anything she possessed to build a T-34 tank. She sent a telegram to the Cremlin, describing the situation and asking to drive herself the tank she had paid for. The T-34 was a relatively cheap tank, but the sum Mariya had offered was obviously not enough. Still, probably seeing it as a good propaganda piece, Stalin himself answered the telegram and Mariya had her tank. In the telegram she asked to decide for the name of the tank, which she called "Боевая подруга" (Boyevaya podruga): Fighting Girlfriend ("podruga" literally means a female friend, but such a word does not really exist in English).

She received a five months training and she was sent to the front in October, where she saw action near Smolensk, leading a night attack on the german lines. A month later, in another night battle for the village of Novoye Selo, in the Vitebsk area, her tank was, again, the first to breach the enemy lines, killing the germans and disabling a couple of guns. There, Fighting Girlfriend was immobilized by a shell in its track. Mariya, along with a fellow crewman, jumped out of the tank in order to reapair the damaged track under intense enemy fire. After the track was repaired, the crew spent the next day idle in their own tank, before rejoining their unit in the night. In a similar action, in January, the tank lead the charge, again, and again it was hit in a track and immobilized. Mariya jumped out of the tank once again to repair the track, against the tank commander's order: she was hit in the eye by a shrapnel and died two months later from her wounds, on March 15, 1944. She was officially recognized, in August 1944, with the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the highest reward any soviet or foreign citizen could have received by the Soviet Union.

In the drawing, which was supposed to be set in one of those night actions, I instead decided for a more reflective moment. I was indeed fascinated more than what I did not read on this woman. Having lost everything both from the germans and for vengeance, was this desperate woman willingly running towards death, more than towards an impossible catharsis, in her bold if not reckless actions?

REFERENCES:

Mariya Oktyabrskaya: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia…
1.bp.blogspot.com/-2L15XWijWyo…
2.bp.blogspot.com/-iXGtbraFdoc…

Mariya on the Fighting Girlfriend: tankfront.ru/foto/ussr/tank_na…
A soviet T-34-43, possibly the same model of the Fighting Girlfriend: armor.kiev.ua/Tanks/WWII/T34/T…
This IS-2 tank, which can be seen behind the famous soviet photographer Khaldei in this iconic photo of the capture of Berlin, was one of the four tanks to be called "Fighting Girlfriend" after Mariya's heroism: 3.bp.blogspot.com/-f0vQhEgB1G4…

ITALIANO (basato su K.Sakaida, Heroines of the Soviet Union 1941-45 e tutto quello che sono riuscito a trovare in rete su Mariya Oktyabrskaya):

La vicenda che state per leggere è talmente incredibile che la crederete uscita da un film di Tarantino o da uno di quei fumetti di guerra di Garth Ennis. In effetti, la sua protagonista è una donna forte, rabbiosa e vendicativa, proprio come La Sposa in Kill Bill o Shosanna in Bastardi Senza Gloria. Ma l'aspetto veramente incredibile della vicenda è che si tratta, invece, di una storia vera.

Mariya, decima figlia di una famiglia contadina in Crimea, lavorava in un conservificio e come operatrice telefonica a Sinferopoli. Nel 1925, sposò un ufficiale di cavalleria sovietica, Ilya Ryadnenko e cambiò il suo cognome in onore della rivoluzione. Quando i tedeschi invasero l'Unione Sovietica, dando inizio alla Grande Guerra Patriottica (come è ancora chiamato in Russia), Mariya venne evacuata nella regione di Tomsk, in Siberia occidentale, dove, ancora una volta, lavorò come operatrice telefonica. Ci vollero ben due anni prima che le venisse notificata, nel 1943, la morte in combattimento del marito, avvenuto nell'Agosto del 1941 nelle sanguinose battaglie intorno a Kiev.

Piena di rabbia e assetata di vendetta, si offrì volontaria per combattere in prima linea, insieme alle 800.000 donne che servirono nell'Armata Rossa tra il 1941 e il 1945. Tuttavia, la sua richiesta venne respinta due volte, dal momento che era troppo vecchia (38 anni) e affetta da adenite tubercolare. In preda alla disperazione, con l'aiuto della sorella, vendette tutto ciò che possedeva per costruire un carro armato T-34. Scrisse un telegramma al Cremlino dove descriveva la sua situazione e chiedeva di poter guidare il carro armata per il quale aveva pagato. Il T-34 era un carro armato relativamente a buon mercato, ma la somma che Mariya aveva offerto non era ovviamente sufficiente. Eppure, volendo probabilmente sfruttare l'occasione propagandistica, Stalin rispose al telegramma e Mariya ebbe il suo carro. Nel telegramma, oltre alla richiesta di diventare pilota, Mariya richiedeva anche il diritto di "battezzare" il T-34, che chiamò "Боевая подруга" (Boyevaya podruga): "Amica combattente".

Dopo cinque mesi di addestramento raggiunse il fronte in Ottobre, quando entrò in azione per la prima volta nei pressi di Smolensk, alla testa di un attacco notturno sulle linee tedesche. Un mese dopo, in un'altra battaglia notturna per il villaggio di Novoye Selo, nella zona di Vitebsk, il suo carro armato fu ancora una volta il primo a sfondare le linee tedesche e riuscì ad eliminare un paio di postazioni di artiglieria e una ventina di soldati nemici. L'"Amica Combattente" venne tuttavia immobilizzata da un colpo ai cingoli. Mariya, insieme a un altro membro dell'equipaggio, saltò fuori dal carro per riparare il cingolo, sotto intenso fuoco nemico. L'equipaggio trascorse il giorno successivo immobile, nel carro armato, che i tedeschi dovettero credere distrutto, prima di ricongiungersi la loro unità nella notte. A gennaio, in un'altra azione simile, l' "Amica Combattente" guidò nuovamente la carica e nuovamente venne immobilizzata. Mariya saltò fuori dal carro ancora una volta per effettuare le riparazioni, disobbedendo agli ordini del comandante del T-34, ma stavolta non ebbe fortuna: colpita in un occhio da una scheggia, morì dopo due mesi di coma, il 15 marzo 1944. Nell'Agosto del 1944 venne decorata postuma col titolo di "Eroe dell'Unione Sovietica", il più alto che potesse essere concesso in URSS.

Per il disegno, che originariamente avrebbe dovuto essere ambientato in una di queste azioni notturne, ho invece scelto un soggetto più riflessivo. La cosa che più mi ha affascinato di tutta la vicenda, in effetti, più che quel che ho potuto leggere è quello che non sapremo mai: dopo aver perso tutto, sola con la sua vendetta e il suo T-34, questa donna disperata, in quelle azioni così eroiche quanto incoscienti, non stava forse cercando la morte più che un'impossibile catarsi?

APPROFONDIMENTI:

Mariya Oktyabrskaya: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia…
1.bp.blogspot.com/-2L15XWijWyo…
2.bp.blogspot.com/-iXGtbraFdoc…

Mariya sull'"Amica Combattente": tankfront.ru/foto/ussr/tank_na…
Una foto piuttosto nota che ritrae, al centro, il famoso fotografo sovietico Khaldei dopo la caduta di Berlino. Il carro IS 2 dietro di lui fu uno dei quattro carri sovietici a essere fieramente ribattezzati "Amica Combattente" in onore di Mariya: 3.bp.blogspot.com/-f0vQhEgB1G4…
Related content
Comments: 24

ELGRILLO [2015-12-11 05:19:07 +0000 UTC]

The thirst for vengance is not easily quenched, some times you drink from such cup until you drown in the sorrow.

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

IV1990 [2015-10-17 15:29:06 +0000 UTC]

thanks for good picture and story about russian heroine.

In Red army were popular named tanks. And many tanks and aircraft were build on donations of soviet people 

I don't know it's true or propoganda legend. In 1943 Children in Omsk donate their poket-money to build light tank T-60 named Малютка (baby) on that tank  fought another women-tankman Ekaterina Alekseyevna Petlyuk.
Unfourtanly exist only russian-language article in wilipedia about that
ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D…

and article about "Fund of defence" a special bank account for donations from the soviet people
ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D…

Examples of named vehicle:
1) Soviet pilot ace Ivan Kozhedub at named aircraft "from collective farmer Konev"
avia.pro/sites/default/files/d…
2) escadrille builded on donate of moskow theatre. inscription on airplanes:  "the Maliy Theater for the front"
airaces.narod.ru/all/yak9mtf1.…
3)Is-2 with lettering "vengeance for brother-hero"
 img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/6522/4…

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to IV1990 [2015-10-29 23:04:47 +0000 UTC]

Very interesting comment. Thank you very much for all the informations.

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

Libra1010 [2014-10-29 19:14:11 +0000 UTC]

 A melancholy piece that perfectly captures the grief which one fears must underpin the grim determination 'The Fighting Girlfriend' displayed throughout her War and the Great Patriotic War in general.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Libra1010 [2014-10-30 00:59:06 +0000 UTC]

Thank you for your comment, as always!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Libra1010 In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-30 11:45:06 +0000 UTC]

 Thank you for your art and you courteous comments, as always! 

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

gckatz [2014-10-29 18:38:06 +0000 UTC]

Mariya Oktyabrskaya was such a badass.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to gckatz [2014-10-30 00:57:54 +0000 UTC]

Indeed. It may not have been by chance that the first time I've ever heard of her, an year ago or so, was on a funny written yet relatively well documented article on a website called exactly after that word www.badassoftheweek.com/index.…

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

JohnDrawer [2014-10-29 17:04:19 +0000 UTC]

Però, alcuni/e soldati/esse sono capaci di combattere con il passato nel cuore anche a gran costo...
Un pò mi ricorda Eren Jaegar di Attack on Titan, per essere sincero!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to JohnDrawer [2014-10-30 00:51:57 +0000 UTC]

Non c'è dubbio! Per fare un esempio, se pensi alla distruzione che si abbatté sull'Unione Sovietica, che durante la guerra ebbe tra i 18 e i 24 milioni di morti, dei quali circa la metà civili, è facile immaginare quanti soldati dell'Armata Rossa combattessero convivendo col dolore di chissà quanti cari uccisi, chissà quanti villaggi bruciati o città rase al suolo...

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

JohnDrawer In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-30 14:57:58 +0000 UTC]

Comprendo

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

grassa48 [2014-10-29 15:53:49 +0000 UTC]

Thanks for the powerful art and the romantic history.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to grassa48 [2014-10-29 17:17:37 +0000 UTC]

You're very welcome! Thanks for the comment!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

CapturedJoe [2014-10-29 14:18:12 +0000 UTC]

This could be a movie poster!
And I would watch that movie.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to CapturedJoe [2014-10-29 14:27:12 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!
This story would be indeed a great subject for a gritty dramatic/war movie.

On tanks and tankers, instead, I'm waiting for "Fury" to come out in Italy (on late January, goddamn 'em!)...it's about 'muricans kicking asses on incredible levels, as usual, but at least it seems less rethoric, darker and more cynical than your standard Hollywood war movie. Let's hope it will be worth the hype!

👍: 0 ⏩: 2

Gabbanoche In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-29 17:43:49 +0000 UTC]

I haven't seen it yet, but apparently the Sherman tanks are "one shot, one kill" against every German tank and the German troops dies like flies. At least thats what a movie review said. Still i like Brad Pitt and it looks like it can be good

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Gabbanoche [2014-10-30 00:44:01 +0000 UTC]

Well, I'm kinda used to war movies' inaccuracies and to uber american soldiers, so I wouldn't expect that to change. Even a movie that to many extent wants to be, seems to be and is indeed pretty believable in its action/battle scenes like Saving Private Ryan has a lot of inaccuracies and laughable segments. Still, what I ask is not a masterpiece but just a war movie, possibly without too much rethoric and tearjerking talks, like they used to be and Fury seems to be able to satisfy my request. From what I've seen and heard, it looks like Garth Ennis' Battlefields' comics on that british tank crew and that can only be a good thing

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Gabbanoche In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-30 10:46:32 +0000 UTC]

Yeah i think it's still gonna be a great movie. I'm a bit worry about that Hogan kid, don't like him, but we'll see
Although i have this "pro German army" thing that i always gets grumpy when their portrait like Nazi hillbillies unfit to fight. When in fact they almost kicked both England and America. The Germans should to a Fury of their own a bout a tank crew in Africa fighting under Rommel Would've been awesome!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Gabbanoche [2014-10-30 11:02:54 +0000 UTC]

England and America faced only a bunch of divisions, and probably not Germany's best, in both their Southern and Western front, so yeah, it's a bit funny to see jerry represented as a goofy amateur in most movies - and the western allies' like if they did most of the job all by themselves. This feeling is summed up in the movie Patton, in a scene in which Patton willingly forget to mention the ruskies during a speech, even if his aide-the-camp constantly whispers "don't forget the russians!" in the general's ears! What a movie.

Anyway, yes, a german tank movie would be great nevertheless - the german submarine movie, Das Boot, is a masterpiece! 

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Gabbanoche In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-30 11:05:10 +0000 UTC]

Exactly and not to mention the Wolfpack
I haven't seen Das Boot yet.. It's one of my biggest shames in life

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

CapturedJoe In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-29 14:44:34 +0000 UTC]

I think that "Fury" movie has 2 big Tank Movie problems:
1) Apparently every German tank is a Tiger
2) Pola Raksa is not in it

Also I keep confusing Brad Pit with Leo DiCaprio... can't remember who of those played in this film.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to CapturedJoe [2014-10-29 17:24:11 +0000 UTC]

It's Pitt I guess.

Well, at least it's a real Tiger, I heard. Not that the mocked up T 34 in Kelly's Heroes and Saving Private Ryan were so bad, but still...also, I've seen in the featurettes that a lot of love was put in the reconstructions and most clothes and vehicles are originals. It's been a while since those US tanks from the fifties in WWII movies, eheh

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

Gabbanoche [2014-10-29 13:21:12 +0000 UTC]

Not many girlfriends around today that would do that for you! Cool story and almost Tarantino like indeed!
Great picture and the dead officer is a nice touch

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Gabbanoche [2014-10-29 14:11:56 +0000 UTC]

Probably not many of 'em left, indeed!
Thank you very much, anyway!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0