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Jagroar — The Largest Elephants Head to Head PART2(sketch)

Published: 2013-12-05 00:54:30 +0000 UTC; Views: 9800; Favourites: 140; Downloads: 0
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Description

Pls see the larger image.
This is a preliminary pencil sketch, part of a larger picture which features the late Pliocene assembly of East African megafauna(not fully covered again because of my small scanner).
I'll keep modifying and color this by using acrylic for the very first time...wish me luck on that=]


:The idea of this image:
Two extraordinarily large fossil proboscidea, in fact the largest terrestrial mammals ever of the southern hemisphere, Deinotherium bozasi and Elephas(Palaeoloxodon) recki from the late Pliocene eastern Africa, are both trying to keep a better spot for tree browsing to them selves.

As far as I know, fossils of both Deinotherium bozasi and one of E.recki's subspecies, E.r. ileretensis were among an assemblage of the late Pliocene animals collected in fossil sites of the lake Turkana, known as Kaitio members.

Besides that, fossil distributions of Deinotherium and several subspecies of E.recki are surprisingly overlapped in some other famous localities, especially of eastern Africa and their fossil numbers happen to be the most numerous in the period of the late Pliocene(while both survived well into the Pleistocene time). Elephas recki had relatively high crowned teeth but not as strictly adapted to grass glazing as in later Mammuthus and they may have shared from time to time, the similar partly forested habitats with browsing Deinotheres.
Combining all these, I think it's probable that they had occasional interaction within the late Pliocene time in some of these localities, probably in the vicinity of the lake Turkana area.
This just occured to me and ofcourse, may not be proven as such.


:Morphology:
The African Deinotherium seems to be similar in size and shapes to giant cousins of Eurasia(i.e, D.giganteum), judging from teeth and fragmentary bones, but to what extent did they resemble in terms of post cranial morphologies cannot be judged at the moment.


As to Elephas recki, there's been several skeletons unearthed and one of them is probably the only instance in entire proboscidea fossil finds so far, where the complete skeleton from just a single individual reaches the spectacular shoulder height of 4.5m, if I remember right.
The cranial morphology of this species is really intriguing and tough to draw, since it seems to be rather similar to Loxodonta in its broadness and roundness, yet its eye sockets are placed more frontally and the head is much more pronouncedly domed even than in Elephas maximus!

ⓒJagroar

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Comments: 27

kava1234 [2016-07-21 15:58:05 +0000 UTC]

whats the difference between deinotherium gigantissimum and deinotheruim gigantuem

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RulerOfLions [2014-02-08 16:09:04 +0000 UTC]

Deinotherium bozasi was not that big. Deinotherium giganteum was. D. giganteum is the European species of Deinotherium and was significantly larger than D. bozasi.

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Jagroar In reply to RulerOfLions [2014-02-09 00:13:57 +0000 UTC]

Some Eurasian Deinotherium were difinitely gigantic, possibly being larger on average than African species but all Deinotherium, as opposed to their ancestor Prodeinotherium, are said to have been very large and similar in size & shapes with each others, judging from teeth sizes etc. Having siad that, I saw in the museum, nealy a complete skeleton of Deinotherium (species of which I couldn't identify) which stood about 2.7m high at the withers, being a lot less impressive than an American mastodon specimen exhibited next to it. I guess there must've been rather conspicuous size variations between individuals or/and sexes in Deinotherium, even Eurasian ones.

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Zimices [2013-12-05 18:52:07 +0000 UTC]

Nice sketch, I always like comparisons like this, and I thought that D. bosazi and Elephas recki did not overlap temporally, although I guess that it could coexist if the deinothere was a browser and the other a grazer... and is interesting that this species of Deinotherium had shorter tusks than D. giganteum, maybe an adaptation to a different plants? by the way, I think that the length of the Deinotherium's trunk is a good compromise , considering that some recent reconstructions show a tapir-like trunk: tanystropheus.wordpress.com/20… , well, the issue of the trunks in primitive proboscideans worth a entire book.

And good luck with the acrylics, I'm sure that it will a great painting.

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Jagroar In reply to Zimices [2013-12-05 23:30:00 +0000 UTC]

Thanks for the link, very interesting to read. Deinotherium's typical cranial does always remind me more of tapirs rather than elephants actually.

As strict browsers themselves, a long trunk may not have been necessary for deinotheres but I've got a hunch that they still possessed moderately developed ones for the purpose of browsing. I remember you once posted the Dr.Prothero's newest interpretation of Paraceratherium reconstruction, which also added a well developed snout to the monster rhino. But in cases of deinotheres, how they actually used it in conjunction with typical downward tusks in browsing is very difficult to tell. Mysterious animals indeed.

And thanks=]

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Martiitram [2013-12-05 13:11:49 +0000 UTC]

What about the songhua river mammoth (the largest proboscidean and second largest land mammal , with a 9.1 m max lenght and an estimated 17 tons of weight) carnivoraforum.com/topic/96183… ?

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bLAZZE92 In reply to Martiitram [2013-12-15 01:57:58 +0000 UTC]

Keep reading that thread, shongua river mammoth is a chimera and its size is exaggerated.

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Martiitram In reply to bLAZZE92 [2013-12-15 10:41:57 +0000 UTC]

What!?My whole life was a lie!

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bLAZZE92 In reply to Martiitram [2013-12-15 10:55:34 +0000 UTC]

XD

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Jagroar In reply to Martiitram [2013-12-05 17:29:51 +0000 UTC]

I'd like you to check the description on my 'Asiatic steppe mammoth' image.

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Martiitram In reply to Jagroar [2013-12-05 18:19:59 +0000 UTC]

OK.

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PonchoFirewalker01 [2013-12-05 05:53:37 +0000 UTC]

Nice


I got a prehistoric elephant idea for ya.  Remember the articles that talked about that woolly mammoths and columbian mammoths interbred with each other?  I've tried to look for a drawing or CGI photo of such a hybrid and couldn't find one.  It would be cool to be the first to draw a Woolly/Columbian mammoth hybrid

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Jagroar In reply to PonchoFirewalker01 [2013-12-05 17:29:46 +0000 UTC]

Ohh that is a great idea, I 'd really like to try that one right after coloring this piece.

I remember reading about them interacting in some parts of the North America, but never have imagined the possibility of hybrid mammoths! Thanks.

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PonchoFirewalker01 In reply to Jagroar [2013-12-05 18:24:27 +0000 UTC]

A good idea would be to draw a woolly and a columbian in the background, to make comparisons (like they do with ligers and camas).

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Jagroar In reply to PonchoFirewalker01 [2013-12-05 23:32:13 +0000 UTC]

That is certainly a nice idea to include all 'three' mammoths in one picture to illustarate differences all at once.

Thanks a lot for the link. So the enigmatic North American mammoth known for quite some time as M. jefferonii is now understood as a hybrid form of the columbian and woolly mammoths? I really wonder how these animals would've looked like and its sizes etc.

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PonchoFirewalker01 In reply to Jagroar [2013-12-06 04:00:33 +0000 UTC]

Yeah


You're welcome

Seems like it.

You and me both.  Probably like a long-legged & big eared version of a woolly,

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PonchoFirewalker01 In reply to Jagroar [2013-12-05 18:22:33 +0000 UTC]

Thanks

Okay


I saw it on an article, such as this: news.discovery.com/animals/hyb…

You're welcome and I think that if they're gonna bring mammoths back, they should bring the hybrid ones back, genetic diversity and hybrid vigor and all that good stuff.

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SameerPrehistorica [2013-12-05 03:09:25 +0000 UTC]

Very nice.... I have not seen the picture of a complete skeleton from just a single individual reaches the spectacular shoulder height of 4.5m for Elephas recki and in this picture it looks somewhat like M.trogontherii

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Jagroar In reply to SameerPrehistorica [2013-12-05 17:28:25 +0000 UTC]

 

I haven't yet witnessed the picture either, but here's a quote on the giant specimen from the well known book 'Evolving Eden'

"A spectacular, nearly complete skeleton found in the Koobi Fora Formation of East Turkana, Kenya... ...this skeleton corresponds to an especially large individual, nearly 4.5 m high at the shoulder, and thus taller than the largest of extant elephant bulls."

 

I also have modified the mandible of Elephas recki a bit now, making it look shorter than that of typical mammoths. E. recki had elongated forelimbs and a somewhat sloping back, reminiscent of mammoths. 

This is a sketch and corrections can be made at this stage. Do you have any suggestion on its morphology?

 

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bLAZZE92 In reply to Jagroar [2013-12-15 02:01:34 +0000 UTC]

By articulating wrong the vertebral column and the scapulae is possible to increase the shoulder height up to half a meter or more, several mounted mammoth skeletons have that mistake, as far as my research has allowed me, max shoulder height in E. recki is only 3.8m, and max of any Deinotherium is 3.9m.

Anyway fantastic drawing!

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SameerPrehistorica In reply to Jagroar [2013-12-06 03:54:17 +0000 UTC]

Nothing else.In my view,your E. recki is much better than the other E. recki pictures i have seen in the web.

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AlfaPachyDerm [2013-12-05 01:40:50 +0000 UTC]

Amazing work! And may I ask, what did you use for reference in drawing the Deinothere? I've been trying to find actual skeletal material for accurate reconstructions, but I cannot seem to find any.

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Jagroar In reply to AlfaPachyDerm [2013-12-05 17:25:43 +0000 UTC]

Thank you, I've modified the mandible of E.recki a bit now.

I also recommend the book 'Mammoth, sabertooths and Hominids' authored by Jordi Agusti, a great book that contains reconstructions of Prodeinotherium's head and full body Deinotherium giganteum. Yes they are different species but must have been very similar to D.bozasi in size and shapes. Your sculpture is one of inspirations for this idea, keep up beautiful work.

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AlfaPachyDerm In reply to Jagroar [2013-12-06 00:33:47 +0000 UTC]

Thank you very much sir! I appreciate your thoughts on my work, it really means a lot  I admire your work as well and wish to one day be as skilled in capturing the depth and realism of a particular scene.

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avancna In reply to AlfaPachyDerm [2013-12-05 01:54:20 +0000 UTC]

I recommend the books Evolving Eden and National Geographic Prehistoric Mammals: Both feature art and reconstructions by Mauricio Anton

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AlfaPachyDerm In reply to avancna [2013-12-05 02:19:54 +0000 UTC]

Thank you

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avancna In reply to AlfaPachyDerm [2013-12-05 04:05:43 +0000 UTC]

No problem.

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